In Tomas Bjork's Arbitrage Theory in Continuous Time (or here), ∃ what seems to be 2 inconsistent definitions of arbitrage:
The first definition is for the single period Binomial model
The second definition is for the multi period Binomial model
The second suggests that there is a possibility of the portfolio value ending up zero while the first does not...
...Why?
Edit: Oh, I forgot to mention: My prof uses the latter definition to replace the first definition for the one-period. E said something about different conditions or something. (I'll ask about it during next consultation hours.)
Answer
My initial answer was incorrect, I was thinking to quickly (or slowly!?)
I agree with you that these two definitions are not consistent. The first definition is much more strict since it does not allow for any outcome ω∈Ω={ω1,ω2} such that Vh1(ω)=0. We only have 2 outcomes since we are considering the single period Binomial model.
As a side note, here are three equivalent definitions of an arbitrage portfolio h (same notation as in Björk).
- V0h=0, V1h≥0, and E[V1h]>0.
- V0h=0, P(V1h≥0)=1, and P(V1h>0)>0.
- V0h=0, V1h≥0, and V1h≠0
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