Friday, September 13, 2019

stochastic calculus - generalized black scholes


I understand how to derive the black scholes solution if dSt = μStdt + σStdWt and r is constant. The solution is c(t, x) = xN(d+(Tt),x)) - Ker(Tt)N(d_(Tt),x)) where d+(τ,x) = 1στ * [logxK+(r+12σ2)τ], d_(τ,x)=d+(τ,x)στ


However, I need to find the solution when, dSt=μtStdt+σtStdWt and rt are deterministic functions of t. I was asked to guess the solution, so it must be a very close analogue to the solution above. I thought about integrating over time, but I haven't been able to verify that this works, and I do need to verify the solution.


Any help in figuring out what the form and how to go about verifying that it is a solution would be appreciated.


Update: Someone asked to see some extra work, here is my guess of what the solution should be: c(t, x) = xN(d+(Tt),x)) - KeTt0ruduN(d_(T - t), x)) where d+(τ,x)=1τ0σudu * [logxK+τ0(r+12σ2)], d_(τ,x)=d+(τ,x)τ0σudu.



I don't know if this guess is even correct, and if it is I need to verify that it is a solution the Black-Scholes PDE.



Answer



What you need is to identify the distribution of the asset price ST, conditional on the information set Ft at time t, for 0t<T. Note that ST=Stexp(Tt(rsσ2s2)ds+TtσsdWs).

Let P(t,T)=exp(Ttrsds),
and ˆσ=1TtTtσ2sds.
Then ST=F(t,T)eˆσ22(Tt)+ˆσTtZ,
where F(t,T)=St/P(t,T) is the forward price, and Z is a standard normal random variable independent of Ft. Consequently, the value at time t of the option payoff [ψ(STK)]+, where ψ=±1, is given by P(t,T)E([ψ(STK)]+Ft)=P(t,T)ψ[F(t,T)N(ψd1)KN(ψd2)],
where d1=lnF(t,T)/K+ˆσ22(Tt)ˆσTt,
and d2=d1ˆσTt.


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